Graduation Exam.

Dept. of English Language and Literature

Dec. 10, 2020.

name____________________

*** Translate the following passages into Korean.

1. Iceland is one of the most volcanically active nations in the world, and there are a number of thermal (hot water) springs around the island. All are heated naturally by underground volcanic activity. In fact, Iceland converts energy generated by these springs into electricity, which powers and heats people’s homes and businesses. As a result, Iceland burns very little fossil fuel, such as oil and gas, and has some of the cleanest air in the world.

2. The life story of a frog is very interesting. Frogs may lay thousands of eggs at a time. The eggs are covered with a kind of jelly. A tadpole batches from one egg. Its body becomes larger, and after a time legs appear and the tail is absorbed. It may take three weeks to turn into a frog. Frogs serve many useful purposes. They eat insects. Frogs are also used as food. Many people, especially the French, like to eat frogs. Frogs are sold to schools, and students study the frogs' bodies.

3. The child whose parents are fond of him accepts their affection as a law of nature. He does not think very much about it, although it is of great importance to his happiness. He thinks about the world, about the adventures that come his way and the more marvelous adventures that will come his way when he is grown up. But behind all these external interests there is the feeling that he will be protected from disaster by parental affection.

4. Some people report that they feel better after crying. This could be because of the chemicals in emotional tears. One chemical is a type of endorphin, a painkiller that the body naturally produces. Emotional tears increase the amount of endorphin that gets to the brain because tears flow from the eye into the nose and pass to the brain that way. This painkiller may make a person less aware of sad or angry feelings, and that could explain why someone feel better after "a good cry."

5. The Confucian system which has had this extraordinary power of survival must have great merits, and certainly deserves our respect and consideration. It is not a religion, as we understand the word, because it is not associated with the supernatural or with mystical beliefs. It is a purely ethical system, but its ethics, unlike those of Christianity, are not too exalted for ordinary men to practise. In essence, what Confucius teaches is something very like the old-fashioned ideal of a 'gentleman' as it existed in the eighteenth century.